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The
Textile Industry has been one of the oldest and most important
sectors of the Indian Economy. It is the second largest employment
provider in the country, next to Agriculture; it contributes
to almost one third of foreign exchange earnings; contributing
to 3% of the GDP. India has also been a significant player
in the Global Textile markets. It is the third largest producer
of Cotton, the largest producer of Jute, the second largest
producer of Silk and the 5th largest producer of synthetic
fibre/yarn. India's exports of textiles and ready-made garments
grew by 10 % in 2001-2002 and now stand at over $14 billion.
Exports of synthetic and rayon textiles rose by 23 %. There
has also been a remarkable increase in export of polyester/viscose
yarn by more than 35%, polyester yarn by 9% and polyester
spun yarn by 28%. During this period, polyester filament fabrics
increased registered an 18% growth and polyester-viscose fabrics
increased by 10%.
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Gujarat
is one of the leading industrial states in India and textile
industry in particular had contributed in a big way to the
industrialisation of the State. In fact, development of many
industries likes, Dyestuff, Chemicals, Engineering/Foundry
and Cotton farming is solely dependent on this sector. The
State is well known for development of Hy-breed Cotton, Ginning,
powerlooms, composite mills, spinning units and independent
processing Houses.
Textile
Industry in general has suffered a setback, in specific, in
organised sector, all over the country in the recent past.
Gujarat was not an exception to this development. However,
growth is prominently observed in decentralised sectors e.g.
Powerloom and Textile Processing, mainly in Surat and Ahmedabad.
Overall economic growth of the State is very much dependent
on this sector. 24% to 28% of fixed investment, production
value and employment of the SSI sector are from textiles alone.
Further, 23% of GSDP comes out of textiles in the State, 16%
of the cultivated land area of the state is for cotton and
Gujarat is the largest cotton producer in the country. About
30% of woven fabric from organised sector and 25% of decentralised
powerloom sector of the country comes from this State alone.
Large Fabric Process Houses are concentrated in Ahmedabad
(250) and Surat (350) in the State. Surat is the largest Centre
of Art Silk Fabric producing over 40% of the Art Silk fabric
produced in the country. The State accounts for 12% share
of the total textile exports of the country. A large number
of Garment Units and Garment Processing Units are developed
in urban areas of the State.
Realising
the need, State Government has, therefore, taken active step
in developing Apparel Park, one at Surat and the other at
Ahmedabad under active support of Union Ministry of Textile.
Besides, Jetpur, a Centre of Saree Printing, has been already
earmarked for setting up a Textile Park in near future.
In
Gujarat, textile industry mainly manufactures cotton-based
fabrics in Mill Sector. The major reason is being easy availability
of the basic raw material in the State, i.e. Cotton. Similarly,
many spinning units producing only 100% cotton yarns were
established in the state. The State happened to be more conservative
with cotton textile products mainly in organised sector. Surat
art silk manufacturers are only exceptions, weaving, Synthetic
Textiles in decentralised sector. Similarly, independent processing
units' process synthetic blended and cotton fabrics. Clusters
of processing units are located at Surat, Ahmedabad (Narol)
and Jetpur. Though these units fall under decentralised sector,
some of them operate on medium scale production capacity having
good capability of processing wide range of fabrics.
Ready-made
garment manufacturers and hosiery knit wear units also exist
in SSI category. In early 1990s, Gujarat saw a dramatic change
in its textile industry scenario where quite a few textile
mills started manufacturing denim. The Arvind Mills, Ashima
Textiles, Soma Textiles, Modern Denim, Arvee Denim started
manufacturing denim. So many mills at a time fetched a new
name for Ahmedabad: "Denim City of India" whereas city of
Surat became Silky City of India.
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The
State of Gujarat received over 1813 Large & Medium Textile
Project proposals through LOI/LOP/IEM during August 1991 to
May 2003. Out of these projects, 851 projects worth Rs. 97920
million have been commissioned. This constitutes 25% of total
number of projects commissioned in the State during the same
period.
Over
the last 10 years, Gujarat has doubled its capacity for Spinning
Cotton and Blended Yarn and there is still a room to grow
both in the area of Modern Ring Spinning and/or Open End Yarn.
Gujarat
is the 2nd largest decentralised powerloom concentrating State
and here too, State has doubled its capacity during last 8
years. However, new opportunities are in the direction of
Weaving (only with high speed looms and "shuttle-less" technology).
Gujarat
being the largest producer of cotton, has obtained tremendous
opportunities towards higher and higher value addition product
by setting up Modern Process Houses (with the technology of
low polluting and less energy costs) in one hand and Knitwear/Ready-made
Garments in a big way on the other to fulfil the domestic
and international market. Investment opportunities may be,
therefore, explored for Cotton Ring Spinning (25,000 spindles),
Open End Spinning (1000 rotors), Modern Process House, Shuttleless
Weaving (50 looms), Ready-made garments unit and Non-woven
and Technical Textile unit with appropriate technology.
>>Research
Association:
>>Central
Government Ministry:
>>Export
Promotion Council-(INDIA) :
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